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GREEN-seeds.com:
publications & research: articles
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THE GOALS OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH IN KOREA'S HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH
INSTITUTES
Dr. K. W. Park
Dept. of horticultural Science
Korea University |
1 Breeding of vegetables, fruit trees and floricultural crops
2 Main target of horticultural research
3 Research on development of protected production and horticultural
environment
4 Development of processing, storage and utilization of horticultural
crops
5 Improvement of cultivars & cultural methods of apple, pear
& citrus in main producing areas (each local institute)
EXPECTATIONS OF RESEARCH
A Vegetable Breeding Research
1 Crucifers
- Clarification of self-incompatibility and male sterility in crucifers:
cost down for seed production, breeding of virus resistant varieties
- Tissue and anther culture in Korean radish: shortening of breeding
period
2 Solanaceae 
- Breeding of hot-pepper variety for once-over mechanized harvest:
cost down for harvesting
- Breeding of multi-disease resistant variety
- Breeding of high quality variety
3 Cucurbits
- Improvement of oriental melon and watermelon lines for high fruit
quality
- Breeding of disease resistant variety
4 Allium and Molecular Genetics
- Breeding of garlic through crossing of fertile clones
- Development of the transformation protocols and molecular marker-assisted
selection technology in vegetables
5 Genetic Resources and Seed
- Minor crop breeding and germplasm collection evaluation and preservation,
improvement of production and quality of vegetable seed
B Vegetable Cultivation Research
1 Cultivation Environment
- Physiological research of vegetables
- Environmental physiology of vegetable production
2 Cultivation Management
- Improvement of labor saving cultivation techniques
- Improvement of vegetable cultivation system
3 Nutrient Physiology
- Improvement of hydroponic technique
- Improvement of seedling raising technique Research on fertilizing
and physiological disorders
4 Growth Response
- Research of plant growth control
- Research of vegetable stress physiology
- Research of vegetable quality improvement
C Fruit Tree Breeding Research
1 Apple Breeding
- Breeding of apple cultivar and rootstock
- Genetic engineering and molecular biology
2 Pear Breeding
- Breeding of pear cultivar and rootstock
- Development of disease and insect resistant breeding techniques
3 Stone Fruit Breeding
- Breeding of stone fruits
- Development of pre-selection techniques
4 Berry Fruit Breeding
- Breeding of cultivar and rootstock, and genetic studies in grape
and bushberries
- Maintenance of germplasm resources
D Fruit Tree Cultivation Research
1 Fruit Tree Cultivation
- Improvement of fruit quality and development of cultural methods
- Studies on pruning and planting system
- Studies on meteorological environment analysis and reduction of climatic
damage
2 Fruit Tree Nutrition
- Studies on physiology of flowering and fruit setting
- Studies on nutrition and physiological disorders
3 Labor Saving Culture
- Development of labor saving cultivation system
- Studies on the mechanization of orchard management
E Floriculture Research
1 Bulbs
- Production of virus-free bulbs
- Breeding and cultivation in bulbs
- Physiology and ecology of bulbs
2 Perennials
- Breeding and cultivation in perennials
- Production of virus-free stock
3 Foliage Plants and Tissue Culture
- Physiology of foliage plants
- Tissue culture of flowers
- Cultivation of pot plants
4 Cactus
- Breeding and propagation in cactus and succulent plants
- Cultivation method, physiology and ecology
5 Ornamental Trees and Shrubs
- Breeding and propagation in ornamental trees and shrubs
- Cultivation method, physiology, and ecology
6 Annuals
- Breeding and propagation in annuals,
- Development of new ornamental plants
7 Orchids
- Breeding and propagation in orchids
- Tissue culture of orchids
F Protected Cultivation Research
1 Utilization of Greenhouse Structure, Materials, and Equipment
- Evaluation of greenhouse materials
- Improvement of greenhouse structure
- Structural safety of greenhouse
2 Automation of Greenhouse Management
- Improvement of lavor saving in greenhouse
- Automationof equipment and facilities in greenhouse
- Software development of greenhouse management
- Greenhouse microclimate
- Improvement of greenhouse environment
- Environment control and stable cultivation
3 Nutrition Physiology and Practical Applications
- Hydroponics of vegetable crops
- Improvement of rhizosphere environment in protected cultivation
G Horticultural Crop Environment Research
1 Horticultural Crop Disease
- Diagnosis of the diseases and identification of the pathogens
- Studies on ecology of the diseases and physiology of the pathogens
- Research on disease control
2 Horticultural Entomology
- Taxonomy, physiology and ecology of insect pests
- Resistance of horticultural crops to insect and nematodes
- Integrated pest management
3 Horticultural Soils Research
- Soil improvement and fertility
- Soil water and rhizosphere environment of horticultural crop
- Reduce soil sickness problems caused by continuous cropping in greenhouse
condition
H Storage and Utilization Research
1 Storage
- Development of advanced storage technique
- Quality improvement
- Prevention of post-harvest disorders and diseases
2 Packaging and Marketing
- Freshness maintenance during marketing
- Improvement of packaging and marketing technique
3 Processing
- Quality improvement of processed products
- Development of processing technique
- Processing suitability, quality improvement and development of new
processed products
I Apple Research Institute
1 Breeding
- Breeding of cultivar and rootstock in apple
- Collecting and preservation of gene pool in apple, etc.
2 Cultivation
- Improvement of fruit quality and prevention of physiological disorders
in apple
- Development of labor saving orchard management system in apple
3 Environment
- Studies on ecology of diseases and insects in apple, etc.
- Development of integrated pest management system in orchards
4 Storage and Utilization
- Improvement of storage methods and freshness maintenance of fruits
- Improvement of fruits marketing system
J Pear Research Institute
1 Fruit Breeding
- Breeding and genetic studies of pear
- Improvement of tissue culture techniques
2 Cultivation
- Studies on cultivation, nutrition and physiology of pears
- Studies on pruning and training systems
3 Sub-tropical Fruit Tree
- Breeding and cultivation of persimmon, Japanese apricot and jujube
4 Fruit Tree Environment Research
- Improvement of soil physico-chemical environment
- Studies on pear disease and insect pest management
K Citrus Research Institute
1 Citrus Breeding
- Breeding and genetic studies
- Preservation and propagation of germplasm
2 Citrus Cultivation
- Improvement of fruit quality
- Studies of labor saving cultivation
- Development of protected cultivation technique
3 Citrus Cultural Environment
- Improvement of soil environment
- Studies on the control of climatic damages
4 Citrus Protection
- Ecology and physiology of diseases and pest
- Forecasting and control methods
5 Processing and Marketing
- Studies on packaging, storage and processing
L Sub-tropical Horticulture
- Breeding and cultivation of kiwi
- Breeding and cultivation of Chinese lemon
- Sub-tropical ornamental crops and germplasm
- Production of foundation seed potatoes
Future Needs and Expectations for Horticultural Research in Korea.
 Government
Future research and expectation of horticultural industry in Korea
1 Increase of protected culture: Expected the increase of protected
culture (vegetable, flower, mushroom. During last 5 years the protected
culture area was increased about 20% every 5 years (1990: 42,000 ha -1995:
82,000 ha)
2 Modernization of cultural method: Development of new cultural technique
(plant, factory, etc.)
Breeding of new cultivar using biotechnology
3 Modeling of management: Family size farm - industrial size farm
Family horticulture (small size) -> business horticulture (large size)
4 Modernization of marketing system : simplification of distribution
system
Increasing of cold chain system
5 Increase of imports and exports: Increase of export of high value
horticultural crops
Increase of imports of low price crops
6 Systematization of horticultural industry: Specialization of each
parts, eg materials industry, young plant production industry and processing
industry (7) Change of supply method and stabilization of price: In Korea
amount of horticultural production was not constant yearly, especially spice
crops such as hot pepper, garlic, onion and Chinese cabbage which were materials
of Kimchi (Korean sauerkraut) Until now government try to control price,
but it can't expect to do so in future. Farms have to control themselves
not only amount of production but also price.
Policy of Horticultural
Industry
1 Distinction of policy: Distinction of political agricultural products,
eg support of industry growth industry
Distinction of farms, eg intensive support of young farmers
Distinction of objectives, eg support to improvement of technology, distribution
industry and marketing
2 Concentration of improvement of new technology and change of its
supply to farms:
Improvement of cultivars
Development of new teaching method for farmers in local government on account
of localization of farmers' consulting organization in Rural Development
Association
3 Raising of picked (crack) farmer:
Intensive support to picked farmer who has possibility of good management
Intensive support to young farmer who has high technology and leadership
4 Intensive support on allied horticultural industry
Support to material industry, young plant produetion, processino industry
and allied industry for development of agriculture
5 Intensive support to exports:
Intensive support to strategic items for export
Research program
of farmer cooperation
1 Research for the increase of farmers' incomes:
Technique for the increasing of consumption.
Increase of productivity of hortìcultural crops
Develop cost down method: mechanizing young plant production or harvesting
Systematization of nutrition, irrigation and protection
Improvement of production technique of high quality productions
Management of postharvest technology (development of functional packing
materials and non-destructive method)
2 Research of environmental horticulture
Breeding of stress and pest resistant cultivar
Development of biologícal control
Developed new fertilization method without environmental contamination
Developed organic culture
Developed monitoring system on the effects of agriculture to environment
and ecosystem
Vegetable farmers'
organization
(Research and expectations)
1 Mechanization of sowing, and harvesting: Increase of competitive
pricing
2 Automation of protected culture: for family size management
3 Using of geographic condition - production of high quality
4 Cold chain system - increase of freshness supply of high quality
vegetables to consumer
5 Specialization and decision of distribution (farm - produce of
crops farmer cooperation - sale)
6 Find out a intensive support of govemment to good farmers
Fruit farmer organization
1 Research to increase productivity: breeding or import of new cultivars,
develop new cultural methods
2 Research to increase quality: accept of new technology for high
life products
3 Rescarch to cost-down methods of production cost: mechanization
and find labor saving methods
Flower farmer organization
1 Increasing method of exports and consumption: export lily, carnation
2 modemization of distribution (shipping of standardized flower,
more modernized auction)
3 Find out cost down method and production of high quality: more
income for farmer
4 Development native flower : for export to foreign and for domestic
consumer
5 Intensive research on flower breeding: farmer need pest- and environment-resistaíìt
cultivars
6 Rescarch on using method of computer on culture and marketing
7 Activation of producer for marketing, information makes and export
8 Using high educated persons (B.S./M. S.)
Farmers of hydroponic
society
1 Research of new cultivars for water culture
2 Introduce th new culture facilities with disinfection
3 Research of new cultural solution and water solution fertilization.
4 Research for good di,stribution method
5 Research of recycling system: for ecological culture
Research of university
1 Developing new teaching methods for students and farmers
2 Research of plant nutrition : increase of water culture
3 Research of horticultural biotechnology : breeding
4 Research of storage physiology for exports
5 Research of breeding: breeding for high quality
6 Research of sustainable horticulture: ecological horticulture
Association of wholesalers,
marketing
1 New packng methods: produce of new materials for MA-storage
2 Apply of clarification of all horticultural products
3 Producing of high quality: no heavy metals or pesticides
© WCHR
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