Special cultivation techniques direct from Green Co.
• cabbage • cucumber
• eggplant • seedless
melons • melon • tomato
• onions • lettuce
•
CELERY
CULTIVATION: - An average temperature of 18 °C up to 20
°C is ideal for the production of good quality celery (large and tender)
and to obtain high yields.
The pH range of soil considered as the best for the production of celery
is from 6.0-6.8.
Nutritional requirements: 1 ha cultivated of celery absorbs from the soil
39.2 kg of Magnesium, 295.7 kg of Calcium, 313.6 kg of Nitrogen, 711.2 kg
of Potassium and 80.6 kg of Phosphorus. - An abundant supply of nutrients
must be available in the root zone the last month before harvesting. As
the seeds of celery are sown to germinate, soil moisture in the beds
should be kept close to field capacity. - Since the celery plant grows
rather slow during the seedling stage, care must be taken to keep the
weeds on the seed bed under close control. It takes 2 to 3 weeks before
transplanting in the field. When seedlings are 15 cm high, transplant in
open-field 20 cm between plants on a row, and 40 cm between 2 rows.
CABBAGE
CULTIVATION: -Cabbages require light soil and rich
alluvial deposits, pH: 6,5-6,8. Prepare the soil carefully before
transplant. Seedlings of 5-6 real leaves (25-30 days after sowing) are
selected for transplanting and planted with a distance of 50 cm between
the rows and 45-50 cm between plants on the row.
Before transplant, fertilise with Lime, super phosphate, Manure total and
1/2 KCL. Treat the soil to kill earthworms; fungus ... - Fertiliser to be
used for one hectare: Compost castle manure: 15- 20 m3. Lime:1,5-2 tons
(depend on soil pH) Urea: 320+ NPK (16-16-8):250 +DAP(18-46):70 kg. Super
phosphate: 150 kg + KCL 300 kg.
CUCUMBER
CULTIVATION: a/ Grow all year round in tropical areas b/
Space and density : - Dry season: between plants: 30-40 cm; between
rows:1-1.5m. - Rainy season: between plants: 40-50 cm; between
rows:1-1.5m. c/ Soil preparation: * Prepare soil carefully, fertilise
before transplant and use a lot of manure. d/ Sowing: sow from 1 to 2
seeds per hole. e/ Fertiliser required for one hectare: … Lime: 500 -
1000 kg. … Compost castle manure: 20 tons … Urea: 150 kg … Super
phosphorus 18%: 250 kg (Or DAP 100-150 kg) … KCL 75-100 kg f/ Fertiliser
application: + Before transplant:Use all Lime, Manure, Super phosphate (or
DAP),and haft KCL (37,5-50 kg). + Top dressing: 3 times F first time:when
plants have 2-3 real leaves and flower buds appear, fertilise 1-2 times
including 50 % KCL remain (37,5-50 kg) and 30 % Urea (45 kg /Ha). The best
is to dilute to irrigate the roots with a concentration of 1-2% (100 gr.
for 10 liters water). FSecond time: when most flowers open and the harvest
starts, fertilise 2-3 times (dilute to irrigate roots), use 20-25% Urea.
Total urea = 30-37,5 kg. FThird time: After 2-3 harvests, fertilise 1-2
times with remaining fertiliser. PESTS CONTROL: a/ Insects: -Thrips:use
Oncol, Confidor, Supracide ... -Leafworm:Karate, Lanate, Endosulfat.... b/
Diseases: -Downy Mildew: Zineb, Ridomil, Kocide ... -Powdery Mildew:
Bayleton, Sumi-8, Daconil, Carbendazim, Benlate-C ....
EGGPLANT
CULTIVATION: Sow in nursery 150 gram per hectare.
Bare-roots transplanting in clod or peat pot with 6 to 8 leaves old
plants. Planting rate: 7000 to 9000 plants/ha under hot and dry climates.
1,6 to 2 m between rows and 0,6 to 0,9 cm between plants. The need in
nutrients are most important during harvesting time. After basic manure
before transplanting which brings all the needs in phosphoric acids, the
sprays of nitrogen and potash must be spared in cover during the rainy
season particularly.
SEEDLESS WATERMELON
GREEN Co. Seedless Watermelons present the following
characteristics: . High brix degree (> 13 % sugar content). . high
resistance to diseases. High yields, up to 50 tons per hectare (50 % more
than usual varieties). Excellent fruit setting (up to 85 %).
CULTIVATION: The cultivation of Seedless Watermelons is
easy as long as the following precautions are taken:
SEED GERMINATION METHOD
1. Soak the seeds in hot water (55 oC) and let the water
get cold. 2. Five hours later, take the seeds out, crack the omphalodes
(germ aperture) with the tooth or a tool but do not cut the germs. 3. Sow
the seeds in sand and keep the seedbed wet and dark with a temperature
around 33 oC. The germination occurs after 24-36 hours.
RECOMMENDED TRANSPLANT & CULTIVATION METHOD
1. Prepare plastic bags with holes at the bottom for the
water to drain and fill them with planting mixture. 2. Plant only one
seedling in each plastic bag. Remember to tear the plastic bag prior to
transplanting. 3. Moderately spray the seedlings daily with water to keep
the soil moist at all times. Avoid excessive watering. 4. After 15 to 20
days, transplant the seedlings to the field. Space them 2 meters each
other on the rows and 2 meters between two rows. 5. Plant one pollinator
row every three seedless plants rows. The pollinator plant should be a
regular diploid watermelon 6. The first female flower on seedless plants
should be cut off so that the succeeding flowers will bear bigger fruits.
If there is a sign that the fruit is unhealthy, it should likewise be cut
off. 7. Fertiliser (judged by local soil conditions): 500 kg of NPK
fertiliser. is enough for one hectare of plantation. It must be applied as
follow: - Before planting, 1/3 of 500 kg (166 kg) is used as basic
fertiliser. - 10 days after planting, use another 166 kg. Make a 3-inch
deep canal around the plants with a distance of 15 cm away from the center
of the plants. Put fertiliser. in it and cover with soil. - One month
after planting, use the remaining 1/3 of fertiliser. and follow the same
procedure as explained above. 8. Disease and pest control:
Anthracnose/Downy Mildew (Zineb or Maneb treatment), Powdery Mildew (Karathane
or Marestan treatment). 9. Close supervision of the plant is necessary
from time to time and hand cross-pollination should be applied when the
flowers start to come out.
TOMATO
CULTIVATION: - Soil preparation: plough and rake well,
make furrow, fertilise with compost castle manure and lime before
transplant. - Nursery: 1,200 - 1,500 seeds per 5g. There are 2 ways of
sowing: + Direct sowing: sow direct on the seedling bed and transplant 20
- 25 days later (or when the plant have 5 leaves). + Seedling: sow on the
prepared seedling bag and transplant 20 - 25 days later (or when the plant
have 5 leaves). * Note: Before transplant we should sink the root of baby
plants under the liquid Rovral 1%o to prevent fungus and diseases. -
Transplant a single row if you do not trim the branches. Distance between
rows: 1.2- 1.4 m and distance between plants: 0.4- 0.45 m in dry season;
the density will be 20,000 plants per ha. - Transplant double rows when
branches are trimmed, distance between rows: 0.5- 0.6 m and distance
between plants: 0.4- 0.4 m. The best is to keep just the 2 or 3 main
branches and it is necessary to trim the plant in order to get more air
for them and good fruits. - Fertiliser: (for 1 ha) Urea: 46% = 250 kg
Super phosphorus 18% = 500 kg KCL 60% = 200 kg Compost castle manure = 20
tons Lime = 1,500 kg. - Manure: The first time: 7 days after transplant.
The second time: 15 days after transplant. The third time: 25- 30 days
after transplant. The fourth time: 40- 45 days after transplant. And it
depends on the growing stage to manure properly. PHYTOSANITARY PROTECTION:
1) Insects: - Aphids: Use Sumibassa, Sumithion. - Heliothis: Use Sumithion,
Sherzol, Polythrin. - Liriomiza. sp: Use Ofunack, Netoxin. 2) Diseases: a-
Nursery: + Alternaria Solanii: Use Champion or Bordaux 1%. b- Field: +
Alternaria Solanii: should create more air by improving density and
cutting some branches, and spray Mancozeb, Maneb every 7 or 10 days. +
Phytopthora infestans. : this will appear when high humidity and the
temperature 18- 250. Spray Carbendazin + Daconil, Mancozeb....at the back
side of leaves to create more result, spray carefully on the plant and
field. Moreover, try to recognise the disease germ early (the first plant
which gets germ). + To prevent disease, do not water in evening. +
Pseudomonas Solanacearum: the best way is to grow different varieties
alternately and avoid to grow Tomato on the same field. In case of getting
germ, spray by CuSO4 (500 g per 8 liters of water). + Botrytis Xinerea:
Use Rovral. + Blossom end Rot: Prevent by Ca and spray every 15 days since
transplant up to harvest time.
WATERMELON
CULTIVATION: 1. Cultivation season is all the year round
in tropical areas with higher yields during the dry season. 2. Sowing:
direct sowing of 3-4 seeds together at a depth of 1-2 cm, spaced by 2-3
cm. 25 to 50 gr. are needed for 100 m2 cultivation. "Clear" the
seedlings 3 weeks after sowing and keep only 1 to 2 plants per hole.
Irrigate just after this operation. 3. Keep a space of 0.75 cm to 1 m
between "seed packs" on the line and 2 m between the rows. The
width of each seedling row should be 2.5 to 3 m. 4. Basic fertiliser.: for
100 m2 cultivation, put 200 to 300 kg of organic fertilisers and 2.5 kg of
mineral fertiliser. (10-10-20). Dig holes under each "seed
packs" and put the organic fertiliser. inside. Cover with soil. 5. A
good irrigation when fruits grow up is important. 6. Put around the plants
2.5 kg of mineral fertiliser. (10-10-20) per 100 m2, around 40 days after
sowing. 7. Lightly weed the soil, especially at the beginning of the
culture and during the rainy season. 8. Treatments: during the dry season,
carefully treat the plants with insecticides. In humid areas, attacks of
Cercospora citrullina are possible. The symptoms are brown stains on the
leaves, dry leaves, striping of the base of plant stems. Treatments with
Benomyl, Zinebe, Mancozebe, Manebe are recommended. Against thrips (small
insects which attack buds and slow down the growth of the plants), it is
possible to use Dimethoate, Diazinon or Acephate. Against Cucurbit flies
(creating rottenness of the flesh), destroy the contaminated fruits,
surround small fruits with paper or bags, treat with Dimethoate, Malathion,
Fenthion, Trichlorfon, Endosulfan.
BUNCHING ONION & LEEKS
CULTIVATION: Leek can grow in different kinds of soil but
better crop is obtained in sandy loam with much humus and plants
nutrients. The land should be ploughed and harrowed several times to reach
a fine texture. Distance between the rows should be 30 to 40 cm. Seeds
requirements are 2-3 kg per ha. Seed bed should be 2 cm deep and separated
by 8 cm. Transplanting should occur 40 to 70 days after sowing time. The
best results are obtained at elevation over 1000 m and during the dry and
cool season in tropical areas. The cultivation cycle is long: 2 months of
nursery and then 3 to 4 months until harvesting time.
LETTUCE & CHICORY
CULTIVATION: - Lettuce is cultivated all the year round in
Tropical areas. However, its cultivation is better adapted to dry and cool
conditions. GREEN CO varieties are resistant to heat and can form heads
even in tropical lowlands. - For seedlings, it is necessary to use 3 grams
of seeds on 3 m2 in lines spaced by 10 cm. This will be enough to
transplant 100 m2. - Transplanting occurs at a stage of 4 to 6 leaves.
Moisturise the plants when transplanting and do not bury the heart of the
plants. - The lettuce prefers soils rich in organic elements. For a good
development of the plant, pH should be close to neutral (7), porous, clean
(no herbicide residues and a good phytosanitary shape) and able to retain
the water. - One hectare of lettuce should receive fertilisers in the
total following proportions: 100-50-200. It is important not to bring more
than 50 units each time. Foliar fertilisers are used as a manure
complement. - Transplanting should occur 40 to 70 days after sowing time.
The best results are obtained at elevation over 1000 m and during the dry
and cool season. - The cultivation cycle is long: 2 months of nursery and
then 3 to 4 months until harvest time.
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