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Green-seeds.com:
flowers & ornamentals: articles
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Horticulture Digest #108
DENDROBIUM MIYOKO AZUMA
 Dendrobium
Manoa Beauty 'K404-2', a Dendrobium phalaenopsis-type tetraploid hybrid
with attractive red-purple flowers, has proved to be an excellent breeding
plant. It was crossed to amphidiploid D. Jaquelyn Thomas 'K333-22-4N' to
produce uniform offspring (K1121) with red-purple flowers on relatively
short pseudobulbs, and to amphidiploid D. Mini Gem 'K780-21 ' to produce
floriferous short-statured offspring (K1419). The former hybrid was registered
with the Royal Horticultural Society as D. Miyoko Azuma and the latter as
D. Sharon Sewake. Both are being released for commercial cropping as seed-propagated
potted plant cultivars.
The cross between
tetraploid D. Manoa Beauty 'K404-2' and amphidiploid D. Jaquelyn Thomas
'K333-22-4N' was first made on December 15,1985 bearing the cross number
K1121. Because of the excellent performance of this hybrid, the cross was
repeated on November 9, 1991 and given a new number, K1465, germinated in
March 1992, compotted in November, 1992, moved into 2-inch pots in March
1993, repotted into 6-inch shallow plastic pots with No. 3 crushed rock
in June 1994, and grown under 45% saran shade. Offspring began to flower
in June 1994. Monthly flower data were accumulated until the termination
of evaluation on January 31, 1996.
The characteristics
of D. Miyoko Azuma are:
Flower
color (RHSCC)
Red-purple (71A)
Flower length (in.)
2.2 +/- 0.2
Flower width (in.)
2.6 +/- 0.2
Scape length (in.)
6.1 +/- 1.3
Spray length (in.)
16.3 +/- 3.7
No. flowers per spray
11.3 +/- 5.6
Leaf length (in.)
5.3 +/- 0.5
Leaf width (in.)
1.9 +/- 0.2
Pseudobulb height at first flower (in.)
9.4 +/- 2.6
Pseudobulb height at end of evaluation (in.) 18.2
+/- 4.7
Percent bud drop
5.5
Half-life of sprays on plant (days)
66.3 +/- 16.5
The attributes of D.
Miyoko Azuma are:
-
attractive, velvety, dark red-purple flowers inherited primarily from
D. Manoa Beauty
-
favorable seasonality, peaking from October to March
-
exceptional long half-life of flowers on plants of about 66 days,
and
-
relatively short stature for a PPPC-type hybrid.
The half-life of sprays
is the number of days it takes for half of the flowers on the spray to wilt
or drop.
As mentioned earlier,
D. Manoa Beauty is a D. phalaenopsis-type tetraploid hybrid with essentially
four sets of the Phalaenanthe or P genome. D. discolor from the Ceratobium
(Spatulata) section has entered the pedigree several generations earlier,
and therefore the C genome has been greatly diluted and its influence hardly
recognizable in D. Manoa Beauty. The amphidiploid D. Jaquelyn Thomas, on
the other hand, represents a primary hybrid that was selected for its short
stature and subsequently doubled in chromosome number with colchicine in
tissue culture to give a PPCC genome constitution. The amphidiploid transmitted
the relatively short stature to D. Miyoko Azuma.
D. Miyoko Azuma
has been released through dendrobium growers' associations as UH1121.
H.
Kamemoto, haruyuki@hawaii.edu
A. R. Kuehnle, heidi@hawaii.edu
T. D. Amore, and N. C. Sugii
Department
of Horticulture, CTAHR
University of Hawaii at Manoa
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